Transfer of learning

 September 17 Friday 

On the first period Giby ma'am discussed about transfer of learning.

Transfer of learning

It is the carry over from one learning situation to another. Transfer of learning is a carryover of knowledge , skills , behaviour,  attitude from one situation to another . mainly there are five types of transfer of learning they are :

positive transfer - if the earlier learning or previously learned  things benefit subsequent learning it is called a positive transfer studying theory for practical is an example.

Negative transfer- here previous knowledge hinder learning in a new situation. mother tongue interference in English language acquisition is an example.

Zero transfer - when previously learnt things do not make any difference in new learning it is called as zero transfer.

Horizontal learning-  when the early learning benefits in higher order learning situations it is called a horizontal learning. studying topics in BSc will help in studying MSc topics easily is an example for horizontal learning.

Vertical learning -  it means earlier learning benefits us in various areas of a life . studying psychology will help in personality development stress management is an example of vertical learning.

Learning theories - they are broadly classified as association or connection or Essar theory and cognitive or field theory.

Association theory include trial and error learning by thorndike and conditional learning. this conditional learning include classical conditioning by Ivan Pavlov and operant conditioning by Skinner.

The next period was optional Elsa and Deepa completed their seminars today. On the next period Maya ma'am discussed about inclusive education.

Inclusive education

Accommodating normal students and differently abled students under the same roof is termed as inclusive education. Statistics shows that more than 32 million children with disabilities worldwide are deprived of education representing about one-third of the out-of-school population and the significance of inclusive education include report by UNICEF on the status of disability in India in 2011 that there are approximately 30 million children in India having some form of disability and NCERT informed that 20 million children of the age group 64 3 years need special education this generates a Masi challenge for the education system in India.

Inclusive education means that students with differently abled are housed in the common education situations and the chance of regular classroom teachers. Mainly there are four types of education systems they are exclusive system integrated system segregated system and inclusive system. Exclusion means devoid of education to differently abled while segregation terms special institutions for differently abled ones and integration specifies that within same institution but special teacher and special classrooms for students.